BrassicasBrassicaceae

Kale.

Cool seasonDeer-resistant
At a glance

The spec sheet.

Indoor start
Optional; direct sow works
Direct sow / out
Apr 1 (spring) / Jul–Aug (fall)
Germ
5–10 days
Days to harvest
50–75
Spacing
15–18"
Depth
¼"
Square-foot
1 per square
Qty target
6 plants for regular meals.

Plant

Direct sow in cool weather. Frost dramatically improves flavor — kale is at its best in November after a hard freeze.

Care

Row cover extends the season. Aphids sometimes appear on undersides — spray off with water.

Harvest

Pick outer leaves; plant keeps producing for months. In NJ, harvest into December with row cover.

Preserve

Freezes well after blanching. Kale chips (baked), dried kale for winter smoothies.

Companion planting

What kale likes, and doesn’t.

Good neighbors

  • Beets
  • Rosemary (deters cabbage moth)
  • Geranium (repels Japanese beetles)
  • Calendula
  • Chamomile
  • Dill
  • Sage
  • Other brassicas