NightshadesSolanaceae

Peppers.

Warm seasonHot season
At a glance

The spec sheet.

Indoor start
Mar 10 – 20
Direct sow / out
May 20 – Jun 1
Germ
10–20 days (needs heat mat)
Days to harvest
70–90 from transplant
Spacing
15" apart, rows 24"
Depth
¼"
Square-foot
1 per square
Qty target
10–15 sweet + 4–6 hot for a household that cooks Mexican/Italian.

Plant

Wait for warm soil — 65°F+. Cold soil stalls peppers for weeks. Heat mat is essential for germination.

Care

Cage or stake — heavy fruit sets can topple plants. Mulch. Consistent water. Peppers respond to warmth: black plastic mulch adds heat units.

Harvest

Pick green for continuous production, or leave to ripen to red/orange/yellow for sweetness. Hot peppers usually best when fully colored.

Preserve

Freeze whole, roast and freeze, pickle, ferment into hot sauce, dry (hot peppers), pepper jelly.

Companion planting

What peppers likes, and doesn’t.

Good neighbors

Avoid nearby

  • Fennel
  • Kohlrabi
  • Pole beans (vines tangle)
  • Brassicas
More in this family

Also in the Nightshades.