Nymphalis antiopa
Plate — illustration to come
ButterflyNative · New Jersey

Mourning Cloak

Nymphalis antiopa

Nymphalidae

The butterfly you might see flying on a warm February afternoon over the snow — nothing else looks like it. Deep burgundy-brown wings with a pale cream border and blue spots. Mourning Cloaks are one of the very few NJ butterflies that overwinter as adults, tucked into bark crevices and log piles.

Identify by

How to spot one.

  • 3–4 inch wingspan

  • Deep maroon-brown wings

  • Pale yellow-cream irregular border

  • Row of small iridescent blue spots inside the border

  • Ragged wing edges, especially in overwintered individuals

Life & behavior

How it lives.

Overwinters as an adult butterfly — not as a chrysalis. Emerges on warm winter and early spring days to feed on tree sap. Lays eggs in spring on willows and elms. May live 10–11 months, the longest lifespan of any NJ butterfly.

At a glance

The spec sheet.

Type
Butterfly
Active
January – December
Native to NJ
Yes
Conservation status
stable
Family
Nymphalidae
Plants it uses

What it needs.

Plants this species visits, feeds on, or depends on. Names in hydrangea link to the plant’s Field Guide entry.

  • Willows (Salix)

    Larval host

  • American Elm, Slippery Elm

    Larval host

  • Cottonwood, Aspen

    Larval host

  • Tree sap (esp. oaks)

    Nectar source

  • Overripe fruit, rotting logs

    Nectar source

Sources

NJ Butterflies · North American Butterfly Association