Setophaga coronata
Plate — illustration to come
MigrantNative · New Jersey

Yellow-rumped Warbler

Setophaga coronata

Parulidae

The 'butter-butt' — small streaky warbler with a bright yellow rump patch that flashes as it flies. Yellow-rumped Warblers are the only warblers in North America that can digest wax-coated berries, which is exactly why they can overwinter in NJ when every other warbler has left for the tropics. They fuel their entire winter on bayberries and Eastern Red Cedar.

Present in NJ from October through April — the only warbler that regularly overwinters here.

Identify by

How to spot one.

  • 4.5–5.5 inches, small and active

  • Winter plumage: gray-brown with streaky sides, distinct yellow rump and yellow patch on flanks

  • Breeding male: slate-blue back, black cheek patch, yellow crown/sides/rump

  • Bright white throat and belly with dark streaking

  • White wing bars

Voice

What it sounds like.

Sweet warble in breeding season; winter call is a sharp 'chek!' — often heard before the bird is seen.

Life & behavior

How it lives.

Fly-catches from perches, gleans insects from foliage, and — critically — hangs from bayberry and cedar berries in winter to strip them. Forms loose winter flocks. Migration in NJ is heavy in October and again in April.

At a glance

The spec sheet.

Status
Migrant
Size
4.7–5.5 inches
Present in NJ
January – December
Native to NJ
Yes
Conservation status
abundant
Family
Parulidae
Diet

What it eats.

Diet often shifts dramatically between breeding season and the rest of the year — especially for insectivorous birds that pivot to native berries in fall and winter.

Summer / breeding season

  • Caterpillars, beetles, wasps, gnats

  • Some spiders

  • Migrates to breed in northern conifer forests

Fall / winter

  • Northern Bayberry (Morella pensylvanica) — the signature winter food

  • Wax Myrtle (Morella cerifera)

  • Eastern Red Cedar berries

  • Poison ivy berries

  • Occasional insects on warm winter days

Plants it uses

What it needs.

Native plants that feed this bird or provide shelter. Names in hydrangea link to the plant’s Field Guide entry.

  • Northern Bayberry

    Fruit / berry source

  • Eastern Red Cedar

    Fruit / berry source

  • Wax Myrtle

    Fruit / berry source

  • Poison ivy (yes)

    Fruit / berry source

Sources

Summersweet NJ · All About Birds (Cornell) · Audubon