Melanerpes carolinus
Plate — illustration to come
Year-round residentNative · New Jersey

Red-bellied Woodpecker

Melanerpes carolinus

Picidae

The medium-sized suburban woodpecker whose name confuses everyone — the red is on the belly (subtle, hard to see) and the whole head is red, particularly on males. Range has been expanding northward for decades; now common in NJ backyards across the state. Frequent at feeders taking sunflower and suet.

Identify by

How to spot one.

  • 9–10 inches — larger than a Downy or Hairy Woodpecker

  • Zebra-striped black-and-white back

  • Red cap (males have red from bill to nape; females only from crown back)

  • Pale belly with subtle pinkish-red wash (the 'red belly' — often invisible in the field)

  • Long straight bill

Voice

What it sounds like.

Rolling, laughing 'churr-churr-churr' — a sound you'll learn quickly. Also a shorter 'kwirr!'

Life & behavior

How it lives.

Cavity nester in dead or dying wood. Caches food (nuts, seeds, insects) in bark crevices. Excellent bug-hunter — extracts wood-boring larvae with a barbed tongue that extends beyond the bill.

At a glance

The spec sheet.

Status
Year-round resident
Size
9.4 inches
Present in NJ
Year-round
Native to NJ
Yes
Conservation status
stable
Family
Picidae
Diet

What it eats.

Diet often shifts dramatically between breeding season and the rest of the year — especially for insectivorous birds that pivot to native berries in fall and winter.

Summer / breeding season

  • Insects, spiders, caterpillars

  • Wood-boring beetle larvae

  • Berries, small fruits

Fall / winter

  • Acorns, beechnuts, cached food

  • Sunflower seeds and suet at feeders

  • Persistent berries and dried fruit

Plants it uses

What it needs.

Native plants that feed this bird or provide shelter. Names in hydrangea link to the plant’s Field Guide entry.

  • Native oaks (Quercus)

    Fruit / berry source

  • American beech, hickory

    Fruit / berry source

  • Dead standing trees (snags)

    Cover / habitat

  • Serviceberry

    Fruit / berry source

Sources

Audubon Field Guide · All About Birds (Cornell)